A New Landscape
Jay Clayton, the recently appointed chair of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) under President Trump, has signaled new directions in the enforcement of securities laws. What are the implications for financial risk managers? “There is shift away from ‘broken windows’—trying the smallest cases—and there is no longer a requirement for companies to admit wrongdoing,” said Amy Poster, Managing Principal at Alpha Pacific Strategies. She was the moderator and opening speaker in a four-part webinar panel titled “SEC 2018 Enforcement Trends” sponsored by the Global Association of Risk Professionals (GARP) on July 25, 2018. The SEC appears to be changing its […]
“Deal With It”
When it comes to technology advances in the fixed income markets in Canada, “peer-to-peer still needs some work,” said Robert Pemberton, Head of Fixed Income at TD Asset Management. His company’s client base “runs the gamut from retail right through to large investors.” Approximately two and a half million are mutual fund clients. He was the third of three panellists at a September 18, 2015, luncheon sponsored by the CFA Society Toronto, and held at the Toronto Board of Trade. Participants were commenting on regulatory changes in the fixed income markets announced the day before. Canadian Securities Administrators (CSA) will […]
“A Step in the Right Direction”
“The new regulation is a solid step in the right direction,” said Steve Thom, Managing Director at RBC Capital Markets, referring to the September 17 announcement by Canadian Securities Administrators (CSA) on a new reporting system. “The new regulation will increase price transparency, which is important for investors to be able to make more informed decisions. This is a good thing,” said Thom, “but the big thing is size.” He was the second of three panellists at a luncheon, sponsored by the CFA Society Toronto on September 18, 2015, to discuss changes in the fixed income markets. However, “full size transparency would […]
Fairness in Fixed-Income Markets
What are the essential building blocks of market integrity? Information, and fair access to that information. Transparency, but not onerous transparency. “There was a lack of fixed-income data, and large investors had better access to data,” said Ruxandra Smith, Senior Accountant at the Ontario Securities Commission (OSC), the first of three speakers at a luncheon sponsored by the CFA Society Toronto on changes in the fixed income markets in Canada. The event was held at the Toronto Board of Trade on September 18, 2015. Smith was referring to hot-button issues identified in the April 2015 report on the Canadian fixed […]
Swaps, Before & After
“Historically, there were few, if any, regulatory requirements on swaps … it was effectively an unsecured loan,” said James Schwartz, Of Counsel at Morrison & Foerster. He was the fourth and final presenter at the Derivatives Regulatory Update webinar held on March 31, 2015, sponsored by the Global Association of Risk Professionals. Prior to the Dodd-Frank Act, swaps dealers were self-regulated through the trade association International Swaps and Derivatives Association (ISDA). “It was typical for the two parties to accept a certain amount of uncollateralized exposure to each other in the form of a threshold that varied according to their […]
Update on Central Clearing
One of the goals of the Dodd-Frank Act is to mitigate systemic financial risk by establishing a central clearinghouse for derivatives. But how close is the financial community toward achieving that goal? “Many swaps were not collateralized prior to Dodd-Frank,” said Julian E. Hammar, Of Counsel at Morrison & Foerster. Hammar was the third of four presenters at the Derivatives Regulatory Update webinar held on March 31, 2015, sponsored by the Global Association of Risk Professionals. Clearing swaps mitigates risk not just through requiring margin collateral (and thereby reducing) credit risk. It also imposes an “operational discipline” Hammar said, with […]
“Skin in the Game”
What safeguards should be in place, to minimize the risks posed by financial derivatives? CME Group requires that its Clearing Members support the risk of their portfolios by “putting some skin in the game,” said Jason Silverstein, Executive Director and Associate General Counsel of CME Group, a body that includes the Chicago Mercantile Exchange and the New York Mercantile Exchange among its subsidiaries. “It’s a story of balancing incentives, in order to stabilize losses. Our belief is that it should be significant and risk-based.” Silverstein was the second of four presenters at a webinar titled Derivatives Regulatory Update held on […]
Towards Reducing Systemic Risk
Have the risks posed by financial derivatives in the context of the current, still evolving, regulatory landscape been properly addressed? Michael Piracci, Director of PCB Compliance at Barclays, said that nowadays he has “a lot of interactions day-to-day with the clearinghouse” and overall, “it makes me feel a little more comfortable there’s a good system in place.” Piracci was the first of four presenters at a webinar titled Derivatives Regulatory Update held on March 31, 2015, sponsored by the Global Association of Risk Professionals. Piracci began by explaining the role of the Central Counterparty (CCP) and the Futures Commission Merchants […]
Tailoring Risk Model to Investment Strategy
Due to the growing complexity of measuring financial risk, “risk has become a patchwork” of different models, said Phil Jacob, Senior Director at Axioma Risk Research. He was the sole presenter in a webinar about tailoring the right risk model to your investment strategy held on March 4, 2015, and sponsored by the Global Association of Risk Professionals (GARP). Jacob identified four inherent challenges. “There are operational issues stemming from existing rigid approaches,” leading to “difficulty in aggregating risk.” There is a lack of consistency in modeling portfolios, which can run the gamut from very simple proxies all the way […]
Stressed Interest Rates: Battle of the Models
For generating shocked interest rate curves, such as a sudden economic stress might engender, “a three-factor parameterization solves many problems—but issues remain,” said Alexander Bogin, Senior Economist at the Federal Housing Finance Agency, and the second presenter at a webinar on modelling interest rate shocks held October 28, 2014, and sponsored by the Global Association of Risk Professionals. To develop an improved yield curve approximation, Bogin showed three variants of non-linear Laguerre functions of time to maturity. These were the Nelson-Siegel model (which has 3 factors); the Svensson model (4 factors); and the Björk-Christensen model (5 factors). Over a two-year […]